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"[T]he general principles of international law are broad enoughWe saw that slaves have two characters; as chattel property or as persons. As property, the slave has commercial value, can be bought and sold, can be hypothecated thereby serving as backing or collateral for credit to the master or those having a financial interest or security interest in the slave, and are mostly dependent upon a master for the basic necessities of life for which they are expected to produce more revenue or value to the master than that which the master provides to the slave.
to cover this case. Slaves are looked upon in all codes in two
lights, as persons, and as property. Story’s Conflict of Laws, 64.
Commonwealth v Thomas Aves, 36 Mass. (18 Pick.) 193, 195 (1836)
[T]he status of slavery embraces every condition from that in
which the slave is known to the law simply as a chattel, with no
civil rights, to that in which he is recognised as a person for all
purposes, save the compulsory power of directing and receiving
the fruits of his labor. Which of these conditions shall attend the
status of slavery must depend on the municipal law which creates
and upholds it. Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, 624-5 (1856)
In expounding this law, we must not lose sight of the twofold
character which belongs to the slave. He is a person, and also
property. As property, the rights of the owner are entitled to the
protection of the law. As a person, he is bound to obey the law,
and may, like any other person, be punished if he offends against
it; and he may be embraced in the provisions of the law, either by
the description of property or as a person, according to the
subject-matter upon which congress or a state is legislating.
Taney, Circuit Justice, U.S. v. Amy, 24
Fed. Cas. 792, 810 #14,445 (1859)"
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